NDN Science Show

#40 - Tim Ryan

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Thu, 02 Feb 2023 19:16:00 +0000

Tim Ryan is an expert on heritage skills, tool making, and the history of intermontane tribes of the Northwestern United States. He's currently the Department Head of Cultural and Language Studies (CALS) Program at Salish Kootenai College where he teaches classes on Indigenous STEM. tim_ryan@skc.edu

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#39 - Controversial Words (Wild/Wilderness)

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Fri, 20 Jan 2023 05:50:00 +0000

Today we talk about a word that's captivating to some, terrifying to others, and controversial in many ways... Wild. We go over the definition, etymology, our own opinion, and various perspectives from other writers that have touched on the words wild, wilderness, and nature. Enjoy!

Links and Resources:

A Sand County Almanac

The Trouble with Wilderness

Definitions

Etymology

The Black & Brown Faces In America's Wild Places

#38 - Thanatology (Life with Death Left In)

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Fri, 09 Dec 2022 17:00:00 +0000

Although a difficult topic to talk about, we both realized that thanatology was important enough to do an entire episode on. This field of study is associated with a wide variety of disciplines that include everything from sociology and anthropology to medical professions like working as a mortician or a medical examiner for a police department. In this episode, we go over the history of thanatology, some of the dominant philosophies, and our own opinions on this important but seldomly discussed field of study.

Links and Resources:

Chapple, H. S., Bouton, B. L., Chow, A. Y. M., Gilbert, K. R., Kosminsky, P., Moore, J., et al. (2017). The body of knowledge in thanatology: an outline. Death Stud. 41, 118–125. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2016.1231000

Chen, S.-C. (2009). The fusion of life and health-spiritual education. Natl. Educ. 50, 7–13.

Chen, S.-C. (2012). Oriental humanities, mindfulness and life education. Paper Presented at the Life Education Symposium (Taipei: IEEE).

Chen, S.-C. (2013). Overview and reflection on the 20-year national education life education curriculum. Natl. Educ. 53, 1–6. doi: 10.1054/nedt.2000.0850

Fonseca, Luciana & Testoni, Ines. (2011). The Emergence of Thanatology and Current Practice in Death Education. Omega. 64. 157-69. 10.2190/OM.64.2.d.

Chakhssi, F., Kraiss, J.T., Sommers-Spijkerman, M. et al. The effect of positive psychology interventions on well-being and distress in clinical samples with psychiatric or somatic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 18, 211 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1739-2

Hampton M, Baydala A, Bourassa C, et al. Completing the Circle: Elders Speak about End-Of-Life Care with Aboriginal Families in Canada. Journal of Palliative Care. 2010;26(1):6-14. doi:10.1177/082585971002600103

Kastenbaum R. Reconstructing Death in Postmodern Society. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying. 1993;27(1):75-89. doi:10.2190/P4XJ-EGNE-E157-G3QN

Lea Waters, Sara B. Algoe, Jane Dutton, Robert Emmons, Barbara L. Fredrickson, Emily Heaphy, Judith T. Moskowitz, Kristin Neff, Ryan Niemiec, Cynthia Pury & Michael Steger (2022) Positive psychology in a pandemic: buffering, bolstering, and building mental health, The Journal of Positive Psychology, 17:3, 303-323, DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2021.1871945

Lee, J. E., & Person, N. (n.d.). Tips for teaching a death and dying undergraduate course. https://www.apadivisions.org. Retrieved December 2, 2022, from https://www.apadivisions.org/division-20/publications/newsletters/adult-development/2021/10/facing-death

Meagher, D. J., and Balk, D. E. (eds) (2013). Handbook of Thanatology. London: Routledge.

Phan HP, Ngu BH, Chen SC, Wu L, Lin WW, Hsu CS. Introducing the Study of Life and Death Education to Support the Importance of Positive Psychology: An Integrated Model of Philosophical Beliefs, Religious Faith, and Spirituality. Front Psychol. 2020 Oct 8;11:580186. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.580186. PMID: 33117246; PMCID: PMC7578223.

Straka TM, Mischo M, Petrick KJS, Kowarik I. Urban Cemeteries as Shared Habitats for People and Nature: Reasons for Visit, Comforting Experiences of Nature, and Preferences for Cultural and Natural Features. Land. 2022; 11(8):1237. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081237

Doka, K. J. (2013). “Historical and contemporary perspectives on dying,” in Handbook of Thanatology: The Essential Body of Knowledge for the Study of Death, Dying, and Bereavement, eds D. E. Balk and D. K. Meagher (London, UK: Routledge).

https://www.cbc.ca/radio/unreserved/death-and-dying-how-indigenous-communities-grieve-survive-and-thrive-1.5441767

https://livingmyculture.ca/culture/first-nations/indigenous-voices-honouring-our-loss-and-grief/

Testoni, I., Palazzo, L., Ronconi, L. et al. The hospice as a learning space: a death education intervention with a group of adolescents. BMC Palliat Care 20, 54 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-021-00747-w

While We're Still Here Podcast

The Good Death 1, 2, and 3

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#37 - Being Indigenous in the Modern World VII

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Fri, 25 Nov 2022 17:00:00 +0000

We're back! In this episode, we go over some updates and where the podcast is heading.

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Bonus Episode - MEEA 2020 Annual Conference Recording

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 28 Nov 2021 19:01:00 +0000

This is a recording from the Montana Environmental Educators Association 2020 Annual Conference, where we presented to a group of educators across Montana who were interested in learning about ethnobotany. We went over definitions, our perspectives, and some practical tips that we thought were important to understand. And we thought this would be a good time to share this as a podcast since the seasons are changing and a lot of people just finished having big dinners with lots of delicious foods, including plants. Enjoy!

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#36 - Halloween 2021

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 31 Oct 2021 02:30:00 +0000

We're back! And we're beginning our brand new season with a fun Halloween episode. We share stories about the Deer Woman, go over the differences between horror and terror and then wrap it all up by giving some of our favorite recommendations for spooky movies to watch this season. Enjoy!

Oh yeah! HEADPHONES RECOMMENDED...

Links and Resources:

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#35 - Seasonal Rounds

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 09 Jan 2021 17:00:00 +0000

Happy New Year! We're glad to be back. On today's podcast, we have a conversation about a concept called Seasonal Rounds. This idea is something expressed in one form or another by all humans and even people in the cities can't escape it. The changes we've observed in the seasons are one of the biggest influences we have upon any changes in our behavior so we thought it would be fun to explore it NDN Science Style... We dive into this topic with our own stories from Montana and discuss some of the science that surrounds this idea, and we even get into what this idea looked like for ancient Greeks.

Links & Resources:

The Reason for the Seasons

Wim Hof

Berkes Diagram on page 1257

Toasted Sister Podcast

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#34 - Interview with Patrick Yawakie

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 12 Dec 2020 17:10:00 +0000

Patrick Yawakie has been working on food sovereignty and voter awareness for years, and we finally got him on the show. We talked about lots of stuff including life, love, his current project called Decolonize Turtle Island, and as always, his three tips for being Indigenous in the modern world. Enjoy!

Links & Resources:

People's Food Sovereignty Program

Decolonize Turtle Island

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#33 - The Biggest Flood Ever!

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 28 Nov 2020 17:00:00 +0000

This event was so epic! It's almost impossible for us to truly wrap our minds around but we do our best on today's episode. Although there have been other events of comparable size, this was potentially the largest flood event in Earth's history. The only other event that's potentially larger happened in Siberia. This "lake" carved a path through the Rocky Mountains that still frames the landscape around places like Missoula and Camas Prairie, MT. Enjoy!

Links & Resources:

Red Earth, White Lies by Vine Deloria Jr

Ice Age Flood Institute

Floodscapes Map

Explore Ice-Age Floods and Glacial Features - An Interactive Map

Montana Natural History Center

Mystery of the Megaflood on Nova

Post-Glacial Radiocarbon Ages for the Southern Cordilleran Ice Sheet

Glacial Lake Missoula Documentary 1

Glacial Lake Missoula Documentary 2

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#32 - Interview with Devon Parfait

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 14 Nov 2020 17:40:00 +0000

He's a fellow GIS nerd, future chief of his people, and currently working on studying coastal land loss to help those that are most at risk of the dangers of sea-level rise. Today we welcomed Devon Parfait onto the show and although Annie wasn't able to be there, we're glad to highlight his story.

Here are some of the main ideas we talked about:

- Devon's research on coastal land loss and its impacts in Louisiana

- How he got into GIS and his love of science

- His childhood experience with finding out he would be chief one day

- The Nature/Nurture dichotomy and balance in the modern world

- The ups and downs of modern technology and social media

- Police brutality and the complex conversations we need to have about it

- Louisiana tribes and the challenges of restoring coastlines

- His love of people and psychology, and his passion for film and acting

- The value of seeing different perspectives and hard conversations

- His 3 Tips for Being Indigenous in the Modern World

Links and Resources:

Supersymmetry

News Feed Eradicator (Chrome Extension)

Accelerated Learning Techniques Workbook

Accelerated Learning Techniques Index

Katharine Hayhoe

The Coddling of the American Mind

12 Rules for Life

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#31 - What a Crazy Year!

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 07 Nov 2020 17:00:00 +0000

We realized that we needed to do a bit of an update about where we've been over the last year and although we meant to keep it short, we started talking politics... you know how that goes. We talked about life, love, and sadness. We share about what we've been up to and where we're going, and then we went down the political rabbit hole for about twenty minutes. Enjoy!

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#30 - Scary Stories to Tell on the Rez

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 31 Oct 2020 16:00:00 +0000

We're back! And thank you so much for all of the support over the past year while we've been reorganizing, reenergizing, and generally getting our shit together. This episode is all about scary stories. Enjoy!

Links and Resources:

List of Indigenous Scary Movies

Shudder (Stream Scary Movies)

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#29 - Cryptozoology: 101

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Thu, 31 Oct 2019 22:26:00 +0000

This is a special Halloween episode, where Annie's father Gene Sorrell shares his spooky stories on cryptids and ghosts. The topic of this episode is just looking at mythical creatures and beings from a cultural historic cryptozoological worldview. There are many indigenous people that have passed down stories over many generations. The episode will give a brief overview to help listeners learn about the science that they may have never heard about.

Main Ideas:

- Definitions for Cryptozoology, cryptid, and pseudoscience

- Cryptozoology: Real Science or Pseudoscience?

- Annie's Father's stories on Bigfoot, Mermaids, and Ghosts

- Tah-tah-kle-ah

- Cannibal Dwarves

- Yara-ma-yha-who

Links & Resources:

www.moderncryptozoology.wordpress.com/category/annotated-bibliography

Peter Dendle (2006) Cryptozoology in the Medieval and Modern Worlds, Folklore, 117:2, 190-206, DOI: 10.1080/00155870600707888

www.legendsofamerica.com/teihiihan-cannibals

www.deliriumsrealm.com/yaramayhawho

www.ratthaus.net/hftp/tag/tah-tah-kle-ah

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#28 - NAAEE Conference Live Recording

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 20 Oct 2019 16:00:00 +0000

This is a live recording of Annie Sorrell and Tommy Mackey at the North American Association for Environmental Education (NAAEE) 48th Annual Conference in Lexington, Kentucky on October 17, 2019. The topic of this session was focused on the diverse interests in environmental science that have grappled with the differences between mainstream quantitative science and qualitative Indigenous science. This hands-on presentation is for education practitioners who have questions about what these differences mean for environmental education. Be sure to check out the link below to download the PowerPoint so you can follow along.

Main Ideas:

- the importance of place

- Indigenous perspectives on land

- how a worldview shaped Onondaga Lake

- how a worldview shaped the Mission Mountain Tribal Wilderness

- moving forward with two lenses

Links & Resources:

NAAEE Workshop PowerPoint

Searching for Synergy: Integrating Traditional and Scientific Ecological Knowledge in Environmental Science Education by Robin Kimmerer

Two-Eyed Seeing into Environmental Education: Revealing its "Natural" Readiness to Indigenize by Margaret McKeon

North American Association for Environmental Education

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#27 - Interview with Neil Patterson Jr.

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 06 Oct 2019 12:00:00 +0000

Today we had Neil Patterson Jr. on the show. Although Annie wasn't able to be there, it was a lot of fun and we're glad to be able to highlight Neil and his story. He's done all sorts of things and has experienced a lot in his life. He went from only wanting to hunt and fish to teaching about Indigenous issues and traditional ecological knowledge in a university setting. Neil's had quite the journey and continues to contribute to academia, to science, and to a vision for better futures for all people.

Here are some of the ideas we talk about:

- Neil's love for the outdoors and damming streams as a kid

- How he found his way to college and the role of family encouragement

- The differences between technologies and their effects on people

- His adventures toward becoming a teacher and mentor

- The challenges inherent in multiculturalism

- Some of the biggest/hardest realizations that led to learning

Links and Resources:

National Film Board of Canada

The Ecology and History of Onondaga Laken (a talk by Neil at the Skä-noñh Center)

Northville-Placid Trail

Robert Griffing Painting

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#26 - Being Indigenous in the Modern World V

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 22 Sep 2019 12:00:00 +0000

On today's episode, we took a different approach to this big topic and worked with Selina Kenmille, her son Leighton Wise Spirit, and Heather Atwin to have a round table discussion instead of the usual back-and-forth we have between just the two of us. We touch on all sorts of topics ranging from fry bread and Indin' tacos to suicide awareness and coping tools for everyday life. This was a heartfelt episode that was fun, and sad, and inspired both of us to be better people. Enjoy!

Here are some of the ideas we talk about:

- Variations on frybread making

- Struggles with alcohol and drinking

- What it's like being a teenager on the rez

- The benefits of doing things that are scary

- Modern technology and socializing

- The challenges of being and having parents

- How we cope with difficult situations

- The connection between food, habits, and health

- Differences in social, cultural, and economic situations

- Our different perspectives on responsibility

- Having transgender children and siblings

- The complexity and nuance of emotions

- 5 tips for being Indigenous in the Modern World

Links & Resources:

Fry Bread Recipe (But be sure to ask your grandma too!)

Suicide Prevention Hotline

YouTube Video about Responsibility

12 Rules for Life by Jordan Peterson

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#25 - Hidden Words and Multiple Meanings

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 11 Aug 2019 12:00:00 +0000

In today's episode, we talk about those words that have some sting to them. You know those words... the ones that get us cringing or offended when someone mentions them. Well, we talk about a few of the ones we've explored or experienced over the years. We also talk about how we respond to these words and how their meanings can differ.

Here are some of the main ideas we talk about:

- Indigifact about the Declaration of Independence

- Controversial words and their definitions

- How do we react and respond to these words

~ Links & Resources:

Declaration of Independence

Online Dictionary

Online Etymology Dictionary

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#24 - Fire Revolution

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 28 Jul 2019 13:00:00 +0000

Today's our first official episode of Revolution Science, a series of episodes about the major revolutions that have occurred throughout human history. And it all begins with fire. In this episode, we start by going over the definitions of revolution and evolution. Then we get into describing some of the main theories behind why we think fire is potentially the first revolution for humans.

Here are some of the main ideas we talk about:

- IndigiFacts about the oldest human fossils

- The earliest evidence of fire use by humans

- The different types of evidence

- The "Cooking Hypothesis" and human evolution

- Different uses of fire and its effects on plants

Links & Resources:

oldest *Homo Sapiens* fossils

oldest *Homo* fossils

Definition of revolution

Definition of evolution

Evidence of fire use: 1, 2, & 3

Control of Fire in the Paleolithic

Human Brain Expansion during Evolution Is Independent of Fire Control and Cooking

The discovery of fire by humans: A long and convoluted process

The nutritive value of cooked camas as consumed by Flathead Indians

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#23 - Being Indigenous in the Modern World IV

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 14 Jul 2019 12:00:00 +0000

We're back! And to get back in the groove, we decided to do another episode on the topic of Being Indigenous in the Modern World (#BIMW). This is a big topic and we bounce around to different topics a lot, but that's a part of why it's so fun to record these episodes. Enjoy!

Here are some of the main ideas we talk about:

- IndigiFact about How Cats Land on Their Feet

- Updates on why we took a month off

- What makes this topic so broad/wide-reaching

- Sustainable/Renewable/Clean/Green Energy

- Some Ideas to Be Indigenous in the Modern World

Links & Resources:

How do cats land on their feet? Links: 1, 2, 3, 4

Do toilets spin in the opposite direction in the Southern Hemisphere? Links: 1, 2

Are cats good mousers? Links: 1, 2, 3

Ecological complexity, fuzzy logic, and holism in indigenous knowledge

Jaden Smith's Water Filter & Food Truck

Zealandia

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Correction Reflections... Again

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 05 May 2019 13:30:00 +0000

Today’s episode is all about being wrong… we caught ourselves making mistakes on three separate episodes. Although being wrong is okay, correcting yourself when you recognize that you're wrong is important. On today's show, we correct ourselves for some mistakes we made in three episodes (#16, #21, and #22), and then we reflect on it.

Here are some of the main ideas we talk about:

- Greg Gianforte DID support recognizing the Little Shell

- Coffee isn't the 60th most-traded commodity

- The Netherlands is not the top consumer of coffee

- Mark Twain's Quote was not originally him

- Workers might not make a dollar a day in Chiapas

- Margarin Misunderstanding

- Coffee Half-life isn't 12 hours

- Hippocrates is older than Jesus

- New York City doesn't have 12 million people

Links & Resources:

How much coffee gets traded? One and Two

Per Capita Coffee Consumption

Mark Twain Quote

Margarin

Coffee Half-life: One and Two

Hippocrates: One and Two

New York City Population

Women Pharaohs

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#22 - Ethnobotany

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 21 Apr 2019 12:00:00 +0000

Ethnobotany can be looked at in different ways. On one hand, it describes the people-plant relationships that Indigenous cultures have always relied on. And on the other, it can be seen as the discipline within science that studies these relationships, plant biology, and their stories. In this episode, we dive into definitions, and some history, and we even talk about aliens a little bit. We also go over why we think this is an important topic and how we view plant relationships.

Here are some of the main ideas we talk about:

- Definitions of botany and ethnobotany

- Differences between botany and ethnobotany

- The history of ethnobotany

- Our perspectives on plant relations

- Seasonality and Gratitude

Links & Resources:

Cryptozoology

Merriam-Webster Definitions of Botany and Ethnobotany

Ethnobotany History

Egyptian Ethnobotany Pregnancy Tests

Lavender and Xenoestrogens

Hippocrates, Aldo Leopold, & Native Pragmatism

Camas and Bitterroot

Witness to Injustice Blanket Exercise

Support the show by rockin' a shirt or a hoodie for the Being Indigenous in the Modern World (#BIMW) Merchandise Campaign.

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#21 - NDN Coffee Science

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 31 Mar 2019 10:00:00 +0000

Today’s episode is all about coffee. AKA: the good old morning brew—the life-saving afternoon pick-me-up—and the fabled cup of Joe. But before we get carried away with all that, we get into some stats about coffee. Then we talk about some of the challenges of its production, preparation, transportation, roasting, and selling. This is a cherished drink that's faced a lot of controversy for centuries, having associations with revolutions, addiction, mold toxins, and the all-too-common "coffee jitters". At the end of the show, we talk about Indigenous farmers using coffee as a way to become more food sovereign.

Here's some of what we talked about:

- Coffee Stats and Facts

- History and Revolutions

- Mold toxins (mycotoxins)

- How to avoid mold toxins

- NDN Coffee Sovereignty

Links & Resources:

Coffee Statistics: Gallup, CreditDonkey, USGS, World Atlas, & USDA

Another Podcast Episode about Coffee

Coffee Documentary

Coffee History Links 1, 2, 3, & 4

Coffee and Revolutions 1 & 2

Processing the bean

Moldy Movie

Mycotoxins Map of World for Mold

91.7 percent of samples contaminated with mold

this study showed above study's mold levels to be above-recommended levels

Mycotoxin-Induced Neurotoxicity

Ochratoxin A and Mutagenesis/Oxidative Stress

Carcinogenic and genotoxic effects of mycotoxins

Coffee Bean Transport—A Global Journey

Cooperation, Fair Trade, and the Development of Organic Coffee Growing in Chiapas

Can agroecological coffee be part of a food sovereignty strategy in Puerto Rico?

Coffee and the Shock Doctrine in Puerto Rico

Coffee Recommendations: 1, 2, 3, & 4

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#20 - Traditional Ecological Knowledge (live recording from SUNY-ESF)

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 17 Mar 2019 23:30:00 +0000

This is a recording of the live stream we did at SUNY-ESF for a class called Indigenous Issues in the Environment. The topic of this episode is Traditional Ecological Knowledge, also known as TEK. We start off by going over definitions of TEK, then we share our personal experience with it and how this idea has shaped our views as scientists. We also ask the students to define TEK and explore this in different contexts by asking the students questions and sharing some of the principles. Enjoy!

Here are some of the main points we went over:

- Definitions of TEK

- Worldviews and Social Systems

- The Challenge of Defining Words

- Convergence of knowledge systems

- Healing, Restoring and Connecting to Land

- Indigenous Research Agenda

Links & Resources:

TEK Definition (Berkes 1992)

Worldview Diagram

Worldview Definition (Vidal 2008)

Native Pragmatism

Decolonizing Methodologies

Wisdom Sits in Places

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#19 - Interview with Robin Kimmerer

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 03 Mar 2019 13:00:00 +0000

On today's show, we interview Dr. Robin Kimmerer. She's our major professor in the Sowing Synergy Program, she's an amazing botanist and the author of Braiding Sweetgrass, and she's also written numerous articles about traditional ecological knowledge. Robin shares all sorts of interesting stories with us. She talks about her childhood, important mentors, and her journey as an Indigenous scientist. Enjoy!

In this episode, Dr. Kimmerer shares things like:

- One of her favorite memories and her connection to plants

- The role of culture and education in her life

- Shifts in her thinking and reaching out to mentors

- Restoration ecology and learning from plants

- Ecological, Biocultural, and Reciprocal Restoration

- Science paradigms and value systems

- Robin's tips for being Indigenous in the modern world

Links and Resources:

Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants

Gathering Moss: A Natural and Cultural History of Mosses

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#18 - Interview with Kaya DeerInWater

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 17 Feb 2019 13:00:00 +0000

Kaya DeerInWater is a close friend of ours and we’re excited to finally have him on the show. He’s the other member of our graduate cohort and we’ve wanted to have him on the show for over a year now. Kaya’s a dedicated and loving family man, he’s a brilliant botanist in the making, and he has a lot of knowledge about ecological restoration.

Some of the main things we talk about today are:

- Kaya’s childhood, his connection to culture, and academic background

- How he got from California to graduate school in New York

- Some of the challenges he faced doing his research

- Where his love for plants started and made its way into his work

- The usefulness of his research for other Indigenous communities

- His children and the legacy he wants to leave them

- Kaya’s 3 tips for being Indigenous in the modern world

Links & Resources:

Bob Marshall Info: Source 1, Source 2, Source 3

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#17 - Being Indigenous in the Modern World III

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Mon, 04 Feb 2019 00:15:00 +0000

We're back! With another edition of Being Indigenous in the Modern World... This is a huge topic that spans many different fields of study and all sorts of scientific disciplines, so we decided that this should be an ongoing conversation. On today's show, we jump around a bit but eventually focus our conversation around graduate school, our research projects, and the lessons we've learned from going through the process of doing research with an Indigenous community. Particularly our home community on the Flathead Reservation. Although broad, this topic is pretty obvious to a lot of people. Being Indigenous in the modern world is something we're all facing on a day-to-day basis, but it's also something none of us is prepared for when we're children. We approach this topic in a light-hearted way and had a lot of fun putting this one together.

Here are some of the main ideas we talk about:

- The importance of historical context

- An update on the challenges of graduate school

- The potential benefits of entering a Ph.D. study

- The value of understanding your limitations

- Unique challenges Indigenous students face

- What are your responsibilities?

Links & Resources:

11 Lies About Indigenous Science

National Institute of Health Article on Syphilis

Mental Health Resources for Grad Students: One & Two

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#16 - Interview with Anna Whiting-Sorrell

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 20 Jan 2019 18:00:00 +0000

Anna Whiting-Sorrell was the first woman teacher's assistant for the Political Science Department at the University of Montana, she has a master's degree in Public Administration, and she's the first political scientist we've had on the show. She's served her community as the director of Montana's Department of Public Health and Human Services... and she's also Annie's mom. In this episode of the NDN Science Show, Anna and Annie have a conversation about how we as Indigenous people need to heal our historic traumas and make sure we have a seat at the table where natives can defend natives. Anna believes deeply that Indigenous people need to tell their own stories. Enjoy!

Here are some of the main ideas in this episode:

- Anna's childhood and how alcoholism affected her siblings

- Her perspective on gender roles in the modern world

- The long road to getting her education and her work in politics

- Cultural appropriation, being a 'token Indin', and walking in two worlds

- The importance of having Indigenous voices in politics

- Anna's 3 Tips for being Indigenous in the modern world

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#15 - Biopiracy

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Mon, 07 Jan 2019 08:00:00 +0000

Today’s episode is about biopiracy… but first, we share an Indigi-Fact that turned out to be a cool surprise to both of us. After that, we dive into some history, a few definitions, a case study, and how biopiracy can affect Indigenous communities. We also explore some ideas for how this issue can be addressed now/in the future, and why this is such an important topic for Indigenous peoples around the planet. This one was interesting to bring together because it’s such a big topic that ties into things like intellectual property rights and discovery doctrines from Europe… and there’s a lot more to it so we’ll probably revisit this one again sometime soon. Enjoy!

Here are some of the main ideas we talk about:

- Biopiracy definitions and history

- Intellectual property rights and patent law

- Ayahuasca patents, culture, and place

- Ideas and Potential Solutions

Links & Resources:

Seven Generations of Hominins

The Leach and the Earthworm

Introduction to Biopiracy

Biopiracy Definitions: One & Two

Intellectual Property Definitions: One & Two

Ayahuasca Article

Patents and Traditional Knowledge of the Uses of Plants: Is a Communal Patent Regime Part of the Solution to the Scourge of Bio Piracy

Bioneers Radio Audio Series

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#14 - Connecting to Place

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Mon, 10 Dec 2018 23:20:00 +0000

Connecting to Place… what does it mean? This topic gets deep really quickly and seems to be a fundamental aspect of human nature that philosophers and scientists have been talking about for thousands of years. So we figured... hey, if they've been at it for thousands of years, we can tackle it in an hour, right? Well, we did our best and seem to keep coming back to this notion that a connection with place has the power to heal. It also has the power to reveal knowledge and wisdom in a way that our ancestors were intimately familiar with. And we feel like it's one of the many ways how we can begin to re-indigenize ourselves, no matter where we live.

Some of the main ideas we talk about are:

- IndigiFact/Stats

- Philosophy of Place

- History of Place

- Photography as a way to gain insights into places

- Personal Experiences with Place

Links & Resources:

Voting Statistics from the Fort Belknap Daily Herald

Wisdom Sits in Places by Keith Basso

Basso, Keith. (1996). Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache (1st Edition). University of New Mexico Press Foley, Christa. (2004).

Understanding the connection between people and the land: Implications for Social-Ecological Health at Iskatewizaagegan No. 39 Independent First Nation. University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada

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#13 - Interview with Ronin Ruerup

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Mon, 26 Nov 2018 01:00:00 +0000

Here's another excerpt from the live-stream event we did at the AISES National Conference on October 6th. This is an interview with Ronin Ruerup and will be the last download we'll be releasing from the AISES conference for this year. Ronin's from Alaska and he was the last guest we had for that day. He's Tlingit and had a lot of amazing things to say. His interests range from Sea Otter Populations to the consultation process and oil/mineral exploration.

Here are some of the main ideas we talked about:

Word Uses, Meanings, and Redefinitions... Indian - Indigenous - Savage

"Traditional Enemies"

Turtle Island/Indigenous War, and Old World War

Russian Colonization of Alaska and Sea Otter Populations

Alaskan Native Voices in Natural Resource Management

The Value of Balance

The Past is Important to Our Future, but it doesn't determine it

Sovereignty and Land

A Bunch of Random Live Stream Stuff

Ronin's 3 Tips for Being Indigenous in the Modern World

Consultation and Restoration in Alaska Compared to the Lower 48 States

Links & Resources:

NASA L'SPACE Virtual Academy Application or by email: LSPACE@asu.edu

Bureau of Ocean Energy Management

Hoonah Native Forest Partnership

All Our Relations by Winona LaDuke

AISES National Conference

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#12 - Interview with Mikaela Montoya

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 11 Nov 2018 23:20:00 +0000

For this episode, we took a section of the live-stream event we did at the AISES National Conference on October 6th and turned it into a podcast download. Mikaela Montoya was the first person brave enough to step up to the mic and b.s. with us for a while... and it turned out great! She had a lot of powerful messages to share and we're glad to help her share them. This conversation was a lot of fun and it was cool to meet another Native scientist hard at work in her own community.

Some of the main ideas we talked about:

- Honor the Past

- Be the Future Leadership, Adaptability, Responsibility

- Inside-Out vs Outside-In Thinking

- Mikaela's 3 Tips for Being Indigenous in the Modern World

- What kind of medicine are you carrying with you?

- Thinking with your head and your heart

Links & Resources:

AISES National Conference

Original Instructions

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Correction Reflections...

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 28 Oct 2018 19:00:00 +0000

Although being wrong is a part of being a scientist, correcting yourself when you recognize that you're wrong is also a part of it. On today's show, Annie and Turtle correct themselves for a few of the mistakes that they made in previously released episodes... Mostly sciency-type mistakes about facts and stuff.

Here are a few of the main points that were corrected and reflected:

- 100th Monkey Pseudoscience

- The Number of Federally Recognized Tribes in the US

- Operculum or Plastrons... which would you choose?

- Triassic, Jurassic, THEN Cretaceous

- Janzen's research wasn't in Africa

- What's up with NDN Time?

Links & Resources:

100th Monkey Phenomenon

21 Grams Experiment

Different Numbers for Number of Federally Recognized Tribes... 567 or 573? Or How about the federal register number?

Operculum - Plastrons

Mesozoic Era

Tropical Ecological and Biocultural Restoration

Bitterroot

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#11 - Bringing Worldviews Together for Biocultural Restoration (live recording from AISES National Conference)

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Mon, 22 Oct 2018 05:55:00 +0000

This is a special episode where Annie, Turtle, and their fellow grad-student Kaya DeerInWater come together for a "workshop" on the idea of bringing worldviews together for biocultural restoration. We talk about Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Scientific Ecological Knowledge, how these are different/similar, and some examples of successful projects we've come across in our graduate studies. Interestingly enough, we didn't really do much of a workshop... mostly due to the 50-minute timeframe we were working with. But also because we put this together on short notice and overestimated how much we could actually get done. It worked out well though! We were able to get through the content and at least engage with the audience a little bit. The audio was recorded live so bear with us on some of the strange sound levels you might encounter. This is a cool episode and we hope you enjoy it!

Main Ideas:

- Knowledge Integration

- Knowing a Sense of Place

- Two Eyed Seeing

- Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK)

- Scientific Ecological Knowledge (SEK)

- Onondaga Lake in upper New York

- Black Oak, Wild Rice, and Blue Camas Restorations

- The Challenges with the Words We Choose (Indigenous?)

Links & Resources:

Indigenous & Western Sciences: Bringing Worldviews Together

AISES National Conference

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#10 - Decolonize da Nations!

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 07 Oct 2018 05:00:00 +0000

Today we talk about the Decolonization Movement and how this is something that's much larger than one word alone. We both agree that the exact word you choose isn't so important, but understanding the meaning behind the word is what matters most. So, we dive into exploring what the word decolonize means and where it comes from, and also some of the different kinds of decolonization that exist and where we might be able to apply these lessons in our own communities. We don't have all of the answers, but we're constantly curious about questions like: Why is decolonization important? Who colonized and who got colonized? What impacts has this had on the world? When did colonization happen? When did the Decolonizing Movement begin? There's a whole lot more and we realized pretty quickly that we can't cover everything in an hour-long episode, so we did our best to stay focused on a few main points.

Here's some of the stuff we talked about:

- IndigiFacts

- Definitions of Decolonize

- Land Relations... family or property?

- Decolonization Methodologies

- Space, Time, and Cultural Awareness

Links & Resources:

Decolonizing Methodologies by Linda Tuhiwai Smith

Indigenous Research Agenda

Indigenous Methodologies by Margaret Kovach

#1 Pollutant of the Earth's Oceans

Where was Planet Earth 230 Million Years Ago?

Online Etymology Dictionary

Being Indigenous: Resurgences against Contemporary Colonialism

Google Scholar

The Art of War

Cultural Clarity Article

Decolonizing Indigenous Archaeology

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#9 - Being Indigenous in the Modern World II

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 25 Aug 2018 05:00:00 +0000

Being Indigenous in the modern world is a challenge that we face every day on reservations in the United States, and it's something none of us are prepared for when we're children. This is such a huge topic that we decided to revisit this subject from time to time. In today's episode, we explore some of the challenges of being Indigenous in the modern world as we see them, some of the opportunities, and also what our three tips are for being Indigenous in the modern world. Before we talk about all that though, we share a couple of scientific facts of the day. This is something we'll be doing as often as we can, but also as briefly as we can because although we love science, NDN science isn't all about facts. But facts are fun so we decided to include some interesting science stuff at the beginning of each episode.

Main Ideas:

- Peafowls, Peahens, and Peachickies

- Hibernating Bears and Superheroes

- Rites of Passage and Coming of Age Ceremonies

- The challenges of setting priorities, growing up, and getting shit done

- Rights and Responsibilities, and Opportunities for Change

- Three Tips for Being Indigenous in the Modern World

Links & Resources:

Wisdom Sits in Places

Decolonizing Methodologies

Seasonal Rounds/Cycles

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#8 - Interview with Brett Stevenson

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sun, 12 Aug 2018 00:20:00 +0000

On today’s show, we have a conversation about his story. Brett has experienced some amazing things in his life and we only touch the surface in this interview. He shares about his journey with music, being diagnosed and almost dying from cancer, and the healing journey that brought him to where he is now. Brett’s an amazing guy and I’m stoked that he came on the show. He’s also a good friend and brother and he’s helped me heal in more ways than one.

Some of the things we talk about are:

- How Brett and I met and some of our adventures

- His initial love and passion for music from a young age

- Brett’s battle with cancer and trying to heal with Western medicine

- How ceremony saved his life and brought his family together

- The things that inspired him to go to college and become a scientist

- The difference between responsibilities and relationships

- The awesomeness of birds and the holistic nature of change

- Life isn’t just about ourselves, it’s about the bigger picture

- Family has the power to bring us together, even with different worldviews

- Linear vs cyclical perspectives and change through paradigm shifts

- How worldview influences individual and social perceptions of science

Links & Resources:

Blood Struggle by Charles Wilkinson

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#7 - Food Security or Food Sovereignty?

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Fri, 27 Jul 2018 22:20:00 +0000

Today we explore the difference between food sovereignty and food security, and why these concepts are so important for Indigenous peoples. We also talk about commodities and rations, food deserts and reservations, re-indigenizing your food pallet, and a whole lot more. We start off by diving into our own experiences with food sovereignty and how we both got involved in this movement in different ways. Annie shares her story about her experiences in New York with strong Indigenous women, and Turtle kinda just rambles along and does his best to keep up. He had a mild cough when recording this episode, so his voice is a little raspy and he’s not all there at times. But this is a fun episode on an important topic that’s at the forefront of the decolonizing movement around the world.

Here are some of the main ideas we talk about:

- Our experiences with food sovereignty

- The many layers of food sovereignty

- Commodities, community health, and food deserts

- Farmers markets and getting to know your food

- Connecting with place and de-colonizing your palette

- Decolonizing/Reindigenizing… going back to our ways

- Food Sovereignty and Security Definitions

- Policy Reform and Scientific Revolution

- The power of sustainability

- The power of words

Links and Resources:

La Via Campesina

Declaration of Nyéléni

What is Food Sovereignty?

Food Security Definitions (USDA) (Canada)

The Politics of Food

'Rescaling' alternative food systems: from food security to food sovereignty

Beyond Food Security: Understanding Access to Cultural Food for Urban Indigenous People in Winnipeg as Indigenous Food Sovereignty

Transforming Food Systems through Food Sovereignty: an Australian Urban Context

Food security, food systems and food sovereignty in the 21st century: A new paradigm required to meet Sustainable Development Goals

FOOD SECURITY AND FOOD SOVEREIGNTY – THE CASE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

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#6 - What the Science?

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 21 Jul 2018 04:15:00 +0000

On today’s show, we explore the word ‘science’… what does the word science mean? Is there one kind of science? Where did it come from? These are just a few of the questions we touch on and we can get pretty deep at times, but this is a fun episode where we share our thoughts about science, its meaning, and how it’s affected Indigenous communities in the past, present, and future. In an age troubled by things like fake news, climate change denial, and a general mistrust of science and government, people are more skeptical of scientists than ever. And this is totally understandable, most scientists aren’t trained to communicate with people outside of an academic setting. We are also classically introverted and often get into this line of work because we like to be in nature or in the lab working with everything but other people. This isn’t how it used to be though, and it can’t stay this way. We need to come together as a community. We need to respect each other for our differences as well as our similarities. We need a scientific revolution that honors multiple ways of knowing, the sovereignty of Indigenous peoples, and the inherent rights of Mother Earth.

Some of the main ideas we talk about are:

- Western Science Definitions

- Indigenous Science Definitions

- A Brief Introduction to the History of Science

- Science and Religion

- Science and Research in Indigenous Communities

- Paradigm Shifts and Scientific Revolutions

Links and Resources:

NDNs on the Airwaves

Native Science: Natural Laws of Interdependence

Evolution, Creationism, and Other Modern Myths

Society of Catholic Scientists

Lamarckianism vs Darwinism

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

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#5 - Biocultural Restoration

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Wed, 11 Jul 2018 22:20:00 +0000

Today’s episode is all about restoration… specifically, Biocultural Restoration and how this field of science brings different disciplines into a synthesized approach. This approach aims to restore and revitalize both ecosystems and the cultures that were originally responsible for them. We discuss everything from our experience with this field of study in our graduate program to definitions and paradigms that surround ecological restoration. We also go over some of the drawbacks to ecological restoration, how biocultural restoration addresses these drawbacks, and how all of this relates to bringing worldviews together and integrating knowledge systems.

Some of the main ideas we talk about are:

- It's important for everyone to have a seat at the table... this includes scientists, managers, and the community they're working with.

- What’s missing from ecological restoration... an ongoing Cultural Context

- Restoration Ecology Myths: Carbon Copy and Sysiphus Complex

- Definitions of ecological, biocultural, and reciprocal restoration

- The value of other worldviews and working together

- Integrating different Ways of Knowing

Resources:

The Myths of Ecological Restoration

Restoration Ecology: The State of an Emerging Field

Ecological Restoration

Tropical Ecological and Biocultural Restoration

Restoration and Reciprocity: The Contributions of Traditional Ecological Knowledge

Indigenous and Western Science Workshop at SUNY-ESF

American Indian Science and Engineering Society National Conference

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#4 - Interview with Judy Gobert

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 23 Jun 2018 00:00:00 +0000

On today’s episode, Annie’s traveling so I’m hosting the show solo. And one of the main ideas that we’ve talked about in our off-air conversations is the role of women in society and how there are a lot of women in science that have played massive roles in changes throughout history. We both feel like this is an important topic and who better to start things off than our moms. This time around, I interview my mom, Judy Gobert. She’s a biochemist, a microbiologist, an activist, a mom, and a grandmother. We talk about what inspired her to become a scientist and some of the projects she’s done; the challenges she’s faced growing up and the role her abusive stepfather played in the path she took; and we also talk about her outlook on Indigenous women, science, and where people can look for their own inspiration moving forward.

Here are some of the important messages I got from this interview:

- Judy’s love for science began with her love for math

- Being an Indigenous woman is hard, but full of lessons

- Change within a system is messy – get your degree and then work toward change

- How listening to Creator guided her as a scientist

- Indigenous knowledge systems have known things that Western knowledge systems are just beginning to recognize… Indigenous Science does not need validation from Western Science

- Biocolonialism and the dangers of “science out of control”

- The power of women

- inclusiveness is an essential human value

- The importance of language

Resources:

#MeToo

American Indian Science and Engineering Society (AISES)

Indigenous People's Council on Biocolonialism

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#3 - Indigenous Environmental Issues

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Fri, 08 Jun 2018 10:30:00 +0000

On today’s show, we took a bit of a different approach to our conversation. Both of us chose a topic within this overarching idea of Indigenous Environmental Issues. This is an important area to explore because our connection to the natural world is inseparable. Unlike the broad topic of being Indigenous in the modern world, this episode is more specific. We discuss oil transportation along the BNSF Railroad and the implications that spills have on the people, landscape, and watershed in western Montana. We also relate the reasons for why this is so significant to Indigenous communities by looking at two documents as examples of ways current approaches are highly colonized, but also for ways we can move forward with environmental issues in general.

Some of the main ideas we talk about are:

- The Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway: How much oil is transported, Implications for the watershed, How this can affect all people

- The Rights of Mother Earth: The Universal Declaration on the Rights of Mother Earth, The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People

- Government Documents at Different Levels

- Grassroots Change through Personal Change

- The Power of Your Vote

Links and Resources:

Oil and Water Don't Mix YouTube Video

Understanding Oil Spills In Freshwater Environments

Middle Fork Flathead River: Treat: Oil Transport by Rail

United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People

The Universal Declaration of the Rights of Mother Earth

The Law of Mother Earth: Behind Bolivia's Historic Bill

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#2 - Being Indigenous in the Modern World

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Fri, 25 May 2018 23:25:00 +0000

In this episode, we begin exploring the idea of being Indigenous in the modern world and how our experience in graduate school taught us a lot about this concept. It’s a big topic, so we want to be clear that we’re not the experts with all the answers, but we can definitely ask the question: How can you be Indigenous in the modern world? This will be a recurring theme and since it’s such a big question, we’ll be focusing on different aspects of this topic every three episodes or about once a month. If you have any questions or you have something to add, feel free to leave a comment or review and we’ll be sure to include it in one of the episodes.

Some of the main ideas we talk about:

- Our experience with graduate school and being Indigenous in the modern world

- Some of the tools we learned: traditional ecological knowledge; worldview awareness and integration; worldview sovereignty; biophilia and the power of word use; and respect, responsibility, and reciprocity

- Our research projects

Links and Resources:

Biophilia Article – Gullone, Eleanora. 2000. The Biophilia Hypothesis and Life in the 21st Century: Increasing Mental Health or Increasing Pathology? Journal of Happiness Studies 1(3):293-322

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#1 - Don't Get Too Excited... It's Just the Intro

Annie Sorrell and Loga Fixico — Sat, 28 Apr 2018 01:11:00 +0000

This episode is all about introductions... ourselves, the show, the name of the show, and what the podcast will look like in the future.

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