The Trauma-Informed SLP

How to Respond to S2C Supporters with Empathy, Not Combat

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 13 Apr 2026 14:00:00 +0000

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Apparently, the online debate between S2C supporters and SLPs is getting pretty dang heated. So,on this follow-up to my last episode on ableism, I reflect on how SLPs and other helping professionals can respond to conversations about S2C with more compassion, emotional awareness, and care vs. jumping straight to debate or research citations. I emphasize the importance of understanding that many parents are coming to these conversations from a place of hope, stress, grief, and deep desire to understand their child.

I try to offer a trauma-informed lens for navigating online discussions and real-world conversations alike, with attention to how stigma, systemic neglect, and caregiver exhaustion can shape the way families engage with communication methods. I, of course, also discuss the role of authorship testing, autonomy, and evidence-based practice ('cause I can't help but info-dump about those things), while emphasizing that being thoughtful and empathetic does not mean abandoning professional standards.

This episode is for SLPs, educators, AAC providers, and other helping professionals who want to hold space for complexity, avoid escalating conflict, and support families in ways that are grounded, humane, and respectful.

About:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website (Also includes my Work Cited page.)

Our email

YouTube Playlist for Late-Diagnosed Neurodivergents

Chapters

(00:00:00) - Why This Debate Matters
(00:02:17) - Compassion, Trauma, and Family Stress
(00:08:06) - Authorship Testing and Ethical Practice
(00:13:41) - A Humane Approach for Professionals

Does being skeptical of Spell-to-Communicate (S2C) make you ableist?

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Fri, 10 Apr 2026 14:00:00 +0000

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In this episode, I unpack why questioning facilitated communication variants is not the same as being ableist. I talk through the difference between respecting lived experience and still asking for authorship testing, independent access, and evidence-based practice when communication support is involved. I also reflect on the tension between advocacy, bias, and the real need to protect vulnerable people from harm while still honoring autonomy and dignity. This conversation is especially relevant for speech-language pathologists, OTs, educators, and other helping professionals navigating autism acceptance and the ethics of supporting nonspeaking communicators.

If you work with autistic clients, use AAC, or want a more nuanced take on the facilitated communication debate, this episode offers a grounded perspective for thinking critically without losing sight of compassion.

About:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website (Also includes my Work Cited page.)

Our email

YouTube Playlist for Late-Diagnosed Neurodivergents

Chapters

(00:00:00) - Here we are again - Revisiting facilitated communication variants
(00:03:50) - Autism acceptance month, spell to communicate, and authorship concerns
(00:10:55) - Why the issue is methodology, not the letterboard itself
(00:14:14) - Independence, safety, and the need for authorship testing
(00:24:25) - Lived experience, bias, trauma-informed care, and caregiver stress

New SLPs: Imposter syndrome and the impact of SLP Influencers

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Fri, 27 Mar 2026 21:58:49 +0000

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Have you ever seen an SLP influencer's post and immediately felt like everything you’re doing is wrong?

In this episode, I react to a CF-SLP who’s overwhelmed by all the “this is harmful” and “you’re doing it wrong” takes—and unpack what’s actually going on (e.g., algorithms & rage bait, burnout, research moving at a snail’s pace).

We get into:

Why therapy isn’t as black-and-white as the internet makes it seem
How to ground yourself using trauma-informed principles (without spiraling)
How to support clients without piling on shame—yours or theirs
Why feeling unsure doesn’t mean you’re a bad clinician

No perfect checklists here—just a more realistic, human way to think about your work.

If you’re deep in imposter syndrome or having anxiety around your entire clinical existence after scrolling… you’re not alone. And you’re probably doing better than you think.

About:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website (Also includes my Work Cited page.)

Our email

YouTube Playlist for Late-Diagnosed Neurodivergents

Chapters

(00:00:00) - How to Talk to a Stranger
(00:00:18) - Feeling overwhelmed by the SLP community
(00:09:59) - Clinical Ethics: Safety vs. Empowerment
(00:13:49) - Binary Thinking in Communication
(00:20:04) - How to help a patient during grad school

Facilitated Communication, Ethics, and Harm: An Ethical Deep Dive (part 2 of Former Facilitator Interview)

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 23 Feb 2026 14:00:00 +0000

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In this episode, Janyce and Kim continue their conversation about the old and new forms of facilitated communication (e.g., letterboards, spelling-to-communicate, rapid prompting method) and telepathy claims in non-speaking autistic people.

Together we unpack how subtle cueing, ideomotor effects, and sleight-of-hand style dynamics can create the powerful illusion of independent communication—even for well-intentioned, reflective professionals and parents. They also explore false abuse allegations, high-control group tactics around FC, what real authorship testing looks like, and why independent AAC access and consent, autonomy, and presuming competence have to stay at the center of ethical practice.

We also discuss critical differences in how training SLPs use certain terminology (e.g., independent, neurodiversity-affirming) vs. how facilitators are co-opting the terms and redefining them.

This episode is geared toward speech-language pathologists, OTs, educators, psychologists, and caregivers of non-speaking children and adults who want to stay trauma-informed, neurodiversity-affirming, and evidence-based while avoiding practices that can unintentionally cause serious harm.

FIND AND CONTACT JANYCE HERE: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/

About:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website (Also includes my Work Cited page.)

Our email

YouTube Playlist for Late-Diagnosed Neurodivergents

Janyce's References:

Four in the Bedroom: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/four-in-the-bedroom-lamentations-or-exploitation-of-non-speaking-individuals
Abdication Patterns in Individuals Being Facilitated:: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/abdication-patterns-in-fced-individuals-a-review-of-bebko-perry-and-bryson-1996
James Randi (Magician/Skeptic): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/a-magician-cannot-dispute-fc-or-can-he
Types of Facilitator Behaviors (Across FC/S2C/RPM): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/an-fc-primer
Discouraging Speech in S2C: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/an-inside-look-at-s2c-we-actually-discourage-them-from-using-their-speech-while-they-are-spelling
ABA vs. FC (in terms of cueing): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/aba-vs-fc-what-aba-knows-about-autism-instructional-needs-and-the-harmful-effects-of-inadvertent-cues
Tracy Kedar (mother/facilitator/author of "Ido in Autismland") having an awareness that physical touch was drawing criticism from school personnel, so she "developed" a form of FC that didn't rely as much on physical touch: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/clever-hands-skepticism-and-ido-in-autismland
Critiques of FC Movies (including "The Reason I Jump"): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/movies
Critiques of the Telepathy Tapes: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/podcasts
Claims of superhuman powers by the Telepathy Tapes folks (including seeing and diagnosing medical conditions in other people): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/review-of-joe-rogans-interview-with-telepathy-tapes-host-ky-dickens-the-stuff-of-conspiracy-theories-fantasy-and-urban-legends-part-4
Support for FC/Telepathy in the early 1990s by Donnellan and Haskew of the University of Wisconsin: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/haskew-and-donnellans-bizarre-take-on-fc
A cost analysis of RPM (it's expensive!): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/rpm-and-dirfloortime-at-what-cost
Portia Iversen's book "Strange Son" that recounts Soma Mukhopadyay's story and the introduction of RPM into the U.S. (Also, I don't think I mentioned it, but Soma failed two impromptu authorship tests) https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/truth-will-out-review-of-portia-iversens-strange-son
https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/strange-science-in-iversens-book-strange-son

Facilitated Communication, Ethics, and Harm: An SLP Interviews a Former Facilitator (Part 1)

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Sat, 17 Jan 2026 15:00:00 +0000

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In this first part of a two-episode interview, trauma-informed speech-language pathologist Kim Neely speaks with Janice Boynton—artist, educator, and former speech clinician—about her firsthand experience using facilitated communication (FC) in the 1990s and her later decision to publicly speak out against it.

Janyce shares how she became involved in FC during a period of rapid change in special education, inclusion, and communication practices, and how the training, messaging, and psychology surrounding facilitated communication shaped her beliefs at the time. We explore how FC was introduced in schools, why it initially felt compelling to helping professionals, and how concerns about authorship, cueing, and ethics emerged through research and real-world consequences.

This episode examines facilitated communication through a trauma-informed lens—focusing not on blame, but on understanding how well-intentioned clinicians, educators, and caregivers can be drawn to approaches that promise access, competence, and connection. Topics include the history of FC, the evolution into newer facilitator-influenced techniques (such as spelling to communicate and rapid prompting methods), the role of “don’t test, presume competence” messaging, and the ethical implications for SLPs and other helping professionals.

This conversation is especially relevant for speech-language pathologists, educators, AAC professionals, therapists, and students navigating evidence-based practice, neurodiversity-affirming care, and clinical decision-making in emotionally complex systems.

Part two will continue the discussion with a deeper focus on ethical implications, current resurgences of facilitator-influenced methods, and how professionals can critically evaluate communication practices while maintaining compassion and humility.

FIND AND CONTACT JANYCE HERE: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/

About:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website (Also includes my Work Cited page.)

Our email

YouTube Playlist for Late-Diagnosed Neurodivergents

Janyce's References:

Four in the Bedroom: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/four-in-the-bedroom-lamentations-or-exploitation-of-non-speaking-individuals
Abdication Patterns in Individuals Being Facilitated:: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/abdication-patterns-in-fced-individuals-a-review-of-bebko-perry-and-bryson-1996
James Randi (Magician/Skeptic): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/a-magician-cannot-dispute-fc-or-can-he
Types of Facilitator Behaviors (Across FC/S2C/RPM): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/an-fc-primer
Discouraging Speech in S2C: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/an-inside-look-at-s2c-we-actually-discourage-them-from-using-their-speech-while-they-are-spelling
ABA vs. FC (in terms of cueing): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/aba-vs-fc-what-aba-knows-about-autism-instructional-needs-and-the-harmful-effects-of-inadvertent-cues
Tracy Kedar (mother/facilitator/author of "Ido in Autismland") having an awareness that physical touch was drawing criticism from school personnel, so she "developed" a form of FC that didn't rely as much on physical touch: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/clever-hands-skepticism-and-ido-in-autismland
Critiques of FC Movies (including "The Reason I Jump"): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/movies
Critiques of the Telepathy Tapes: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/podcasts
Claims of superhuman powers by the Telepathy Tapes folks (including seeing and diagnosing medical conditions in other people): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/review-of-joe-rogans-interview-with-telepathy-tapes-host-ky-dickens-the-stuff-of-conspiracy-theories-fantasy-and-urban-legends-part-4
Support for FC/Telepathy in the early 1990s by Donnellan and Haskew of the University of Wisconsin: https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/haskew-and-donnellans-bizarre-take-on-fc
A cost analysis of RPM (it's expensive!): https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/rpm-and-dirfloortime-at-what-cost
Portia Iversen's book "Strange Son" that recounts Soma Mukhopadyay's story and the introduction of RPM into the U.S. (Also, I don't think I mentioned it, but Soma failed two impromptu authorship tests) https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/truth-will-out-review-of-portia-iversens-strange-son
https://www.facilitatedcommunication.org/blog/strange-science-in-iversens-book-strange-son

Re-release: My Response to The Telepathy Tapes

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 20:40:38 +0000

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Here's my truama-informed critique of the Telepathy Tapes podcast. In this episode, I unpack how telepathy claims about non-speaking autistic people intersect with facilitated communication, dehumanization, and inspiration-porn narratives. It highlights ethical and practical concerns around FC-style communication modalities, ideomotor effects, and the need for independent AAC access and communication safety. Listeners gain alternative, evidence-aligned explanations for “mind-reading” stories and are invited to examine internalized ableism and magical-disability tropes so they can advocate for more humanizing, autonomy-supporting AAC practices.

YouTube channel episode of my response: https://youtu.be/tgNmIDtzJpw (like and subscribe if you like it!)

About:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website (Also includes my Work Cited page.)

Our email

YouTube Playlist for Late-Diagnosed Neurodivergents

Chapters

(00:00:00) - Re-Release: The Telepathy Tapes
(00:03:15) - A Place for Burnout and Support
(00:08:10) - The Telepathy tapes: Red Flags
(00:14:27) - The Telepathy Tapes Has Close Ties to the Vaccine
(00:21:15) - The Anti-Vaxx Movement's Dehumanization of Aut
(00:27:51) - Stigma bias in magical minority tropes
(00:30:43) - Ideomotor Effect on Bullying
(00:40:09) - "It's Offensive To Say Autistics Are Smart"
(00:40:49) - Augumentative Communication
(00:42:21) - Communication with Non-Speakers
(00:44:24) - Alternatives to The Liar Theory
(00:50:38) - Autistic Neurodivergence: Info dumps
(00:54:08) - Non-Speakers and Their Telepathy
(00:59:02) - Non-Speakers and Their Communication Rights
(01:06:19) - A message for those suffering from Burnout

Trauma-Informed Care Explained: Red Flags, Green Flags, and Common Myths

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Sat, 13 Dec 2025 03:58:03 +0000

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What does trauma-informed care actually mean in practice—and how can you tell when something isn’t trauma informed, even if it’s widely accepted?

In this episode, we're going through common green flags and red flags of trauma-informed care, including bodily autonomy, presumed competence, neurodivergent-affirming approaches, compliance-based models, masking, and how neuroplasticity is often inaccurately used to market not-so-trauma-informed approaches.

About:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website (Also includes my Work Cited page.)

Our email

YouTube Playlist for Late-Diagnosed Neurodivergents

Chapters

(00:01:08) - A few announcements
(00:14:22) - What is trauma-informed care? (Overview)
(00:24:01) - Definition of trauma (review)
(00:25:02) - Green flags: Decolonization, DEI, etc...
(00:29:56) - Why you should use preferred terminology
(00:32:50) - Limitations of neuroplasticity (a little rant)
(00:35:09) - Red flags: Compliance based approaches, teaching masking only, etc...
(00:45:53) - Red flags: Ignoring your own needs!!
(00:49:05) - Thought exercises
(00:53:13) - Conclusion and wrap-up

The SIX Core Principles of Trauma-Informed Care...or is it really TWO principles???

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Tue, 22 Jul 2025 19:51:04 +0000

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*Seinfeld voice* What's the deal with safety and empowerment???

If you've ever wondered why I go on and on about safety and empowerment, and why I don't tend to mention the other five principles of trauma-informed care very much, this episode explains it for ya!

I also explain bit about where the heck I've been with the answer: Learning how to edit videos on YouTube! (It has been...a process. ugh.) But if you feel so inclined to support me (for free!), hop on over to https://www.youtube.com/@TTI-SLP and hit subscribe!! I'm currently going through a series for late-diagnosed neurodivergents using my own model of neurodivergent-affirming care (scroll down to find the Venn diagram on that page.) And I'd love for feedback, suggestions, and/or support just in the form of watching through some of the videos!

Thanks so much, and stay tuned for more content from me, a-Mario! ...I mean, Kim.

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website (Also includes my Work Cited page.)

Our email

Chapters

(00:01:01) - Updates
(00:08:56) - The Six Core Principles
(00:13:05) - My practical issue with SIX principles
(00:17:09) - How I break it down to TWO principles
(00:20:23) - The critical importance of deconstructing biases
(00:22:08) - Physical safety
(00:27:34) - Emotional and psychological safety
(00:32:13) - Summary and thought-question for the week

POV: You're a neurodivergent SLP who has MELTDOWNS

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Sat, 12 Apr 2025 20:33:00 +0000

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I have had meltdowns my whole life. I didn't know that's what they were called, but I definitely had them my whole life. And they SUCK! They're uncomfortable, sometimes scary, exhausting, and disabling. But I've also noticed that many, MANY people have no idea of what it's like from a first-person POV.

Of course, this is only my experience, as any person can only talk about their own experience when doing a POV thing, but I describe it here just in case it helps others to understand meltdowns a little more.

Video version of this found episode here

Chapters:
01:23 Episode overview
03:14 Episode outline
04:14 Definitions of terms
10:40 Physiology of survival modes review
15:10 Meltdown stages and my experiences with them
(content warning for descriptions of self-harm from: 23:18 - 25:41)
34:03 Considerations for caregivers or anyone who works with people who have meltdowns

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our socials: https://linktr.ee/TTISLP

Recommended resources for meltdown support:

-Managing Meltdowns by Lipsky & Richards

-"Understanding Autism, Aggression, and Self-Injury: Medical Approaches and Best Support Practices" Thinking Person's Guide to Autism article

Burnout series episode 5: Neurodivergent Burnout

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Wed, 12 Mar 2025 01:00:00 +0000

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One consistent aspect of living as a neurodivergent is burnout. Whether it's ADHD, autism, depression, anxiety, OCD, trauma exposure, or literally any other brain difference, we're all burnout from, I suspect, a younger age than most neurotypicals.

But as with workplace/professional burnout, I think there's more than "just burnout" going on; so let's talk about it.

TOPICS COVERED:

Defining neurodivergent burnout
Parallels to workplace burnout
Sources of societal trauma
Introduction into deconstructing ableism

Video version of this episode

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our socials: https://linktr.ee/TTISLP

CITATIONS:

Signs of dehumanization: TTI-SLP response to The Telepathy Tapes

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 19:30:13 +0000

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There are many, MANY redflags in this rhetoric, so let's unpack them.

Episode topics include:

Who are the creators of the podcast?
The "superpower" flavor of dehumanization
Alternative explanations for what people see
Playing Devil's Advocate: If all their claims are true, what does it really change?

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our Linktree (for our other socials)

Citations:

Disability tropes in fiction

Eariler Jilani article on the communication methodology

Facilitated Communication information and citations

Inspiration porn

Magical minoritized person trope

Moral model of disability

The Telepathy Tapes: A Dangerous Cornucopia of Pseudoscience

"The Telepathy Tapes" Has Close Ties to Vaccine Skeptic Movement (by Zaid Jilani)

Telepathy Tapes transcripts

Facing the monster | The 10 stages of genocide

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 11 Nov 2024 16:00:00 +0000

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So here's something from my Youtube page that, in light of the 2024 election cycle, I thought would be good to post here. Genocide always seems like hyperbole...until it's not.

(The video includes images of referenced articles and quotes, so if you benefit from seeing the text on-screen, please check out the link below.)

Description from Youtube episode released May 29, 2024:

I'm not a political commentator. In fact, I can only consume so much of the news cycle every week before my feelings of helplessness and hopelessness get too overwhelming.

Looking at all the atrocities humans have done and are currently doing to each other is so, so heartbreaking -- and honestly, traumatizing. However, you've got to understand the monstrous side of humanity in order to continuously choose compassion and empathy.

And, I don't know, maybe it's my neurodivergent brain, but having some academic knowledge helps me to understand and avoid (as much as humanly possible) the propaganda pitfalls that permeate social discourse these days.

REFERENCES & RESOURCES:
https://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/disaster-distress-helpline

PDF of Ten Stages of Genocide: https://www.scasd.org/cms/lib5/PA01000006/Centricity/Domain/1482/TenStages.pdf

Ten Stages of American Indian Genocide (Chavez Cameron & Phan, 2018) file:///Users/Kimbrulee/Downloads/webmaster,+Edit3+Cameron.pdf

Link to James Baldwin quote: https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/11882302-love-has-never-been-a-popular-movement-and-no-one-s

United Nations on how to help ALL victims of the Israel-Gaza Crisis: https://www.un.org/en/situation-in-occupied-palestine-and-israel/donate

RE-RELEASE: "You've got that upsetting feeling" | bottom-up emotional processing

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Thu, 07 Nov 2024 23:19:24 +0000

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Topics covered:

Updated episode intro ends around 8:00 (in light of the 2024 U.S. election cycle)
Strategies (and I've time marks included below if you're wanting to find specific ones quickly)
- Intro to strategies starts near 13:40
- Physiological needs starts near 14:50
- Calming strategies starts near 17:50
- "Burning up energy stores" starts near 26:50
What bottom-up processing is
Reframing our definition of emotions as signals instead of "good" or "bad"

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our other social media:

Referenced links:

Autism Level Up!

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Butterfly Hug

Tactile/breathing exercises

Progressive muscle relaxation

Destini Ann, "Big Mad," on TikTok

Burnout series episode 4: Strategies that actually help

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Wed, 06 Nov 2024 02:56:47 +0000

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So you've tried all the burnout strategies you can find: Mindfulness, eating better, exercising, goign to bed early ...aaaannnnnd they didn't work. Guess you'll just stay burned out forever, right? Not necessarily...

The stuff that really works to help with burnout (and trauma responses) are just not as pithy, toxic-positivity-y, and clickbait-y as the stuff we tend to hear the most about. Not that those things aren't useful for healing, mental health, and recovery...just that complex problems often require complex solutions and burnout? It's complicated, BABYYYY!!!!

TOPICS COVERED:

The issue with "typical" strategies
The ONE strategy we could all use more of
Strategies for emotional processing (bottom-up)
"Small" strategies that can have a big impact
A rough burnout series summary

Youtube video of this episode

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our other social media:

Wanna support us financially?

Give us a tip on our Kofi (only if it's not a burden to you, tho!)

CITATIONS

Maslach & Lieter, 2016
van Dernoot Lipsky & Burke, 2009
Butterfly Hug instructions
Bottom-up processing examples
Jacob & Lambert, 2021 (protected processing time example)
Ellis, W. R., & Dietz, W. H. (2017)
Gill, L. (2017).
Finding community: Volpe, 2022
McMillan, 1986 for a sense of community definition and theory

Burnout series episode 3: Secondary traumatic stress

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Tue, 15 Oct 2024 00:51:20 +0000

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Episode 3 is finally here! On this episode, we talk about secondary traumatic stress (STS), a.k.a vicarious trauma, compassion fatigue, trauma exposure, etc... This is the meat...the "entrée" (if you will)...of the series because I think that the impact of being exposed to other peoples' trauma is a lot more prevalent than we tend to think. And it's what gets confounded with burnout the most.

TOPICS COVERED:

What STS is
Where STS comes from
Symptom clusters of STS

Youtube video of this episode

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our other social media:

Wanna support us financially?

Give us a tip on our Kofi (only if it's not a burden to you, tho!)

Citations: (I am unaffiliated with all links below)

Meltdowns vs tantrums: Does it actually matter what makes a person upset?

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Sat, 28 Sep 2024 21:37:32 +0000

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One little thread on r/slp made me think of three major things that are part of how I process and do neurodivergent-affirming care in the case of emotional dysregulation. So I made a really informal video (using my front cam on my Macbook, so apologies for the quality) to address those things.

Outline:
1) Definition of dysregulation, it's over-use, and contrasting it with emotional upset.
2) Putting more effort into thinking through possible reasons for meltdowns/tantrums/emotional upset vs. trying to figure out which one it is -- and why this is important for child safety.
3) All behavior isn't intentional communication, but it can be information: Pro-tip for thinking of AT LEAST THREE possible reasons for the meltdown/upset/tantrum behavior.

Citations:
-Reddit thread: https://bit.ly/4gFrtTd

- Destini Ann: https://www.destiniann.com/epk

-Psychology Today article on emotional dysregulation: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/click-here-for-happiness/202108/what-is-emotional-dysregulation

-Quinones et al, 2020: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7682894/

-Quote: "Trauma is an affliction of the powerless" is by Judith Herman: https://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/530025-trauma-and-recovery

Burnout series episode 2: Primary trauma from the workplace

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Wed, 18 Sep 2024 23:20:08 +0000

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Part 2 is finally here!! (Whew!) On this episode, we go over both systemic and interpersonal/relationship things in the workplace itself that can contribute to traumatizing experiences for employees.

TOPICS COVERED:

Reviewing what trauma really means (like physiologically)
Systemic issues re: Conservation of Resources, scarcity mentality, and organizational dehumanization
Interpersonal issues: Workplace bullying and gaslighting

Youtube video of this episode

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CITATIONS: (TTI-SLP is unaffiliated with all links below)

Burnout series (ep 1): What even IS burnout?

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Sun, 18 Aug 2024 00:04:09 +0000

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Burnout. It seems like everyone has it! (*insert Oprah meme here* "YOU get burnout and YOU get burnout and YOU get burnout! EVERYONE GETS BURNOOOOOOUUT!!!!!") But what really is burnout? And why do so many people suffer from it?

This is the first in a series of episodes on this big, complex monster-of-a-thing we call "burnout." I’m hoping this series will help you figure out what you need to start healing from your own burnout.

In this video, you’ll discover:

What burnout is (and why it feels like you're running on empty)
The top culprits behind burnout
How taking a break and/or “quiet quitting” ISN’T laziness: Rest and recuperation is a vital part of health

Future videos will include:

Confounding factors that contribute to (or maybe come from) burnout
The issues with self-care hacks and strategies that make up the bulk of burnout content
The relationship between autistic burnout / ADHD burnout and professional burn out
How burnout can relate to systemic oppression.

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

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Article links/references:

- Hillert, A., Albrecht, A., & Voderholzer, U. (2020) https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/...

- Cieslak et al. (2014): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23937...

- Maslach & Leiter (2016): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...

- Jeung, D. Y., Kim, C., & Chang, S. J. (2018): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...

- Kim, J. S. (2020): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31758...

- Nguyen, N., & Stinglhamber, F. (2020): https://rb.gy/kv45rr

- Lampert, B., Unterrainer, C., & Seubert, C. T. (2019): https://journals.plos.org/plosone/art...

- Christoff, K. (2014): https://www.christofflab.ca/wp-conten...

Proposal: New labels for The Neurodivergent Movement re: social adversity

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Wed, 08 May 2024 20:50:34 +0000

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So, I talked about this at my ASHA 2023 talk, made an image carousel on Instagram, and did rambly Youtube video on this, but figured I'd do a quick podcast ep on this as well, cause I've found myself using these terms more and more these days and, well, I just think it's good to clarify when we're talking about societal/social adversity vs. individual neurodivergent profiles.

References and Resources:

Disability:In on apparent vs. non-apparent diabilities
My insta reel, FB post, and Youtube Vid on this
My source of definitions for medical model of disability vs. social model of disability
- NOTE: Different from pathogenic vs. salutogenic approaches.
My systemic vs. individual adversity podcast episode
My episode on fight, flight, and freeze (with reference to fawn response)
Literature on minority stress model
- For how it pertains to autistics, see here.
Definition of hemiparesis

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

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A brief announcement: Where the heck have I been???

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 29 Apr 2024 19:25:15 +0000

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Just thought I'd put out a little update on what I've been up to and what I have planned in the works.

Feel free to check out my new(ish) Youtube channel here!

And I also have a new look for my website if ya want to check that out.

Feel free to email me with any ideas and/or topics you'd like to hear my viewpoints on or have me do a research deep-dive into!

Dehumanization in medicine: Wait, empathy IMPROVES clinical problem-solving?

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 22:00:00 +0000

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A new episode!! FINALLY!! I took a bit of time-off from this topic for my own mental health, but now I'm back, baby!

Herein lies my info-dump on dehumanization in medical (read: clinical) practice. We go through Haque &b Waytz's functional and nonfunctional causes and also some very valid counterpoints from Kalina Christoff's paper.

AND, as a bit of ADHDer magic, this whole thing ended up dove-tailing into articles on burnout, so I get to info dump about that topic next!! Woot!

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

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Citation links:

Main two papers:

Papers on mpathy, burnout, and emotional labor: (includes some not directly quoted in the episode)

Definition of "emotional labor"

ASAN statement on Identify First Language by Lydia Brown

Dehumanization series: Science and societial biases

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Wed, 03 May 2023 14:00:00 +0000

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As the Gen-Zers say, we live in a society. And so do scientists, which means that science is never truly bias-free...despite frequent claims otherwise. To be trauma-informed, however, we have to pay attention to that man behind the curtain. Cause sometimes, research is based in dehumanizing societal biases. And treatments based in that research ends up harming people.

This episode covers:

A model of dehumanization to conceptualize different types of rhetoric (animalistic and mechanistic).
Historical examples of this rhetoric in scientific writings of the 19th and 20th centuries.
Modern examples of similar dehumanizing rhetoric in scientific writings of the 21st century on a clinical population of high interest to us. *coughcough*autistics*cough*

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our socials:

References:

Peer-Reviewed articles:

Botha, M. (2021). Academic, activist, or advocate? Angry, entangled, and emerging: A critical reflection on autism knowledge production. Frontiers in psychology, 4196.

Botha, M., & Cage, E. (2022). “Autism research is in crisis”: A mixed method study of researcher’s constructions of autistic people and autism research. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 7397.

Haslam, N. (2006). Dehumanization: An integrative review. Personality and social psychology review, 10(3), 252-264.

Milton, D. E. (2012). On the ontological status of autism: The ‘double empathy problem’. Disability & society, 27(6), 883-887.

Solomon, M. (1985). The rhetoric of dehumanization: An analysis of medical reports of the Tuskegee syphilis project. Western journal of speech communication, 49(4), 233-247.

Other references:

Dehumanizing Always Starts With Language (Brené Brown, 2018)

Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Polygenism

On Louis Agassiz: Wikipedia's entry and Saima S. Iqbal's Harvard Crimson article

On Samuel George Morton: Wikipedia's entry and George Mason University's page of quotes

Harvard’s Eugenics Era (Adam S. Cohen, 2016)

Scientific Racism (Harvard Library)

Skulls in print: scientific racism in the transatlantic world

Dehumanization series: "Crazy" women and the men who studied them

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 23:49:00 +0000

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To introduce dehumanization in medicine and science, I decided to use this fun, light-hearted* tail of "crazy" (cis?**) women and the (cis?) men who sought to figure out the source of the crazy.

On this episode, we go through:

The study of female hysteria in the late 19th century in Paris, France and Vienna, Austria
Origins of the study of trauma in western medicine
An introduction into how societal biases and dehumanization impact science and medicine

*HA HA HA HAHAHAHAHAHAHAA

**using question mark cause, let's face it, historical accounts don't really tell us what people felt their internal gender really was, but that doesn't mean some of them might have been elsewhere on the gender spectrum and/or trans.

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

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References:

Freud: Complete Works (1890-1939). (referenced for verification of quotes used in Herman's book).

Gordon, Aubrey. Maintenance Phase [podcast]. Episode: Zombie Statistics Spectacular!

Herman, Judith Lewis. Trauma and Recovery.

Trauma-Sensitive series: Stages of historical trauma and its echoes through time

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Fri, 17 Mar 2023 19:35:00 +0000

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Sorry this one took so long to get out! (Had some software snafus to deal with.) But here we go with the second episode towards becoming trauma-sensitive. Heavy topics, but super important to confront our discomfort with these if we want to truly be trauma-informed.

On this episode:

The three stages of historical trauma
A reframining of a few mass traumas (i.e., stage 1 of historical traumas) experienced by minorites in U.S. history
Rhetoric and language around dehumanization
- Microaggressions as an example of implicit bias and ongoing casual dehumanization

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our other social media:

References:

Examples of Microaggressions from the University of Minnesota School of Public Health.

Ten stages of American Indian Genocide (2018) by Cameron, S. C., & Phan, L. T.

Trauma-informed care and cultural humility in the mental health care of people from minoritized communities (2020) by Ranjbar, N., Erb, M., Mohammad, O., & Moreno, F. A.

Whiteness article from the National Museum of African American History & Culture.

White Supremacy Culture in Organizations by Kira Page (2019) from the Centre for Community Organizations (coco-net.org).

White Women doing White Supremacy in Nonprofit Culture from Equity in the Center.

Why and How Trauma-Informed Organizations Attend to Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion presented by Iya Affo through the Arizona Trauma Institute.

For continuing education on mass traumas mentioned in the episode:

American Indian Genocide

Adam Ruin's Everything: The Disturning History of the Suburbs

Jim Crow Laws

Mexican "repatriation"

Japanese-American Internment

The Chinese Exclusion Act and also here

Toward becoming Trauma-Sensitive: Systemic vs individual adversity

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Wed, 25 Jan 2023 19:31:00 +0000

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Here it is. We've arrived at some tough topics. In order to become trauma-sensitive (per the The Missouri Model), we have to increase our awareness of historical (i.e., generational) and system-oriented traumas/retraumatization.

This is where trauma-informed meets cultural humility and cultural awareness. And also where, if we continue to hold on to our cultural blindness (and the implicit biases that go along with that), we cannot call ourselves trauma-informed.

On this episode:

We go over how social media allows our awareness of cultural and systemic differences to change rapidly (compared to pre-social media/internet days)

Definition of historical/generational trauma
My "Sisyphus Analogy" of systemic privilege and the importance of not conflating individual adversity with system-driven, group-level trauma (i.e., historical/generational trauma).

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our other social media:

Reference links:

Maslow Chart adapted by RYSE Center (2016)

TIP 57

A Pair of ACEs (image and explanation)

Resmaa Menakem's website

"Notice the Rage; Notice the Silence" episode of On Being hosted by Krista Tippet (where I first heard the Resmaa Menakem quote I used--but it is also in his book My Grandmother's Hands)

You've got that upsetting feeling: Bottom-up strategies for processing emotions

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 20:25:00 +0000

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Happy New Year, Everybody!

Before going into trauma sensitive topics, I felt I needed to provide everyone with some tools to process any upsetting and/or uncomfortable feelings that might arise from discussions of historical traumas and systemic oppression. Also, it's a tough time of year, so these might just be useful for you if you're feeling upset about other things/people at this time.

Episode outline includes:

Strategies (and I've time marks included below if you're wanting to find specific ones quickly)
- Intro to strategies starts near 05:40
- Physiological needs starts near 06:50
- Calming strategies starts near 09:50
- "Burning up energy stores" starts near 18:50
What bottom-up processing is
Reframing our definition of emotions as signals instead of "good" or "bad"

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

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Referenced links:

Autism Level Up!

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Butterfly Hug

Tactile/breathing exercises

Progressive muscle relaxation

Destini Ann, "Big Mad," on TikTok

Trauma-aware wrap-up: Types, characteristics, and the life-long impacts of trauma

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 19 Dec 2022 20:20:00 +0000

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Whew! We made it!

Here's what I consider the final material you need to officially be trauma-aware (per the Missouri Model). This episode covers the types of potentially traumatic events, how trauma is characterized, and potential life-long impacts per the CDC-Kaiser study ACE Study (and a little side-note on epigenetics).

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our other social media:

Facebook

Instagram

YouTube

Episode References: (in addition to the TIP 57)

[Amoeba Sisters]. (2018, December 18). Epigentics [Video].Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MD3Fc0XOjWk

Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, April 6). About the CDC-Kaiser ACE Study. www.cdc.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/aces/about.html

Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., & Marks, J. S. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American journal of preventive medicine, 14(4), 245-258. Retrieved from: https://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(98)00017-8/fulltext

ASHA Presentations Announcement!

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Fri, 28 Oct 2022 21:11:00 +0000

Yup. That's right. I'm giving 2, 1-hr talks at ASHA this year. 'Cause I'm a loony.

I also have a new website! Woot! https://www.trauma-informed-slp.com/

Bonus: The Polyvagal Theory (and little more info-dumping)

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Tue, 25 Oct 2022 20:04:00 +0000

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What's a podcast by an ADHDer without more info-dumping, amirite?? I felt I would be remiss to not include something on the Polyvagal Theory as it comes up A LOT in trauma-informed courses, trainings, and literature. So, here it is! (Along with a bit of neuroscience info-dumping cause I'm a Nerd who just can't help herself.)

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our socials:

References:

Liem, T. (2021). Critique of the Polyvagal Theory. Critique, 22, 48. Retrieved from: https://www.osteopathie-liem.de/en/blog/critique-of-the-polyvagal-theory/.

Porges, Stephen (2009). The polyvagal theory: New insights into adaptive reactions of the autonomic nervous system. The Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 76(Suppl 2): S86–S90 : doi:10.3949/ccjm.76.s2.17.

Van der Kolk, B. (2015). The body keeps the score: Brain, mind, and body in the healing of trauma. New York, NY: Penguin Books.

Fight and flight and freeze, Oh my!

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Tue, 11 Oct 2022 20:39:00 +0000

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This episode goes through the three physiological survival mechanisms: Fight, flight, and freeze. We touch a little on what is known as the "fawn" response before moving into defining each survival mechanism, the physiological cascade that occurs when we go into "survival mode" and how trauma responses occur as a result of this.

There will be a bonus episode that touches on the Polyvagal Theory and why it wasn't directly included in this episode.

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our socials:

References:

Gill, L. (2017). Understanding and working with the window of tolerance. Attachment and trauma treatment centre for healing (ATTCH). Retrieved from: https://www.attachment-and-trauma-treatment-centre-for-healing.com/blogs/understanding-and-working-with-the-window-of-tolerance.

Logan, R. (2022). Certified Trauma Support Specialist: Module 2 - Further understanding of our nervous system [Online Professional Training Course]. The Arizona Trauma Institute. Retrieved from: https://aztrauma.teachable.com

Quinones, M. M., Gallegos, A. M., Lin, F. V., & Heffner, K. (2020). Dysregulation of inflammation, neurobiology, and cognitive function in PTSD: an integrative review. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 20(3), 455-480.

Van der Kolk, B. (2015). The body keeps the score: Brain, mind, and body in the healing of trauma. New York, NY: Penguin Books.

Systems Neuroscience Info-Dump: Memory, emotion, and pain localization

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Thu, 22 Sep 2022 18:11:00 +0000

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Okay, here's the info-dump I promised during episode 2. It just got kinda long, so I figured I'd make a bonus episode about it. Covers the topics of:

Different rates of memory encoding in key brain structures
(Theoretical) different motor pathways for emotionally driven vs. volitional movement
Nerve trivia! What is the largest single nerve in your body and why we have poor pain localization in the torso area (particularly in our gut/viscera)

Content starts at 4:23.

Silly bonus-content theme song is at: 04:04 for those who wish for a dose of silly.

(For additional reading on emotional motor pathways, see the Gothard (2014) paper referenced below.)

About Us:

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References

Fuglevand, A., Bao, S., Cowen, S., Eggers, E., Fellous, J.M., Fregosi, R., Gothard, K., Restifo, L., & Tolbert, L. (2015). Systems Neuroscience [in-person and PowerPoint Slides]. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

Gothard, K. (2014). The amygdalo-motor pathways and the control of facial expressions. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 8(43), pg. 1-7. https://doi: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00043

Becoming trauma-aware: The Amygdala-Limbic System (aka All the Feels)

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 19 Sep 2022 20:05:00 +0000

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On our journey to becoming trauma-aware, we need to first learn something about the (healthy) emotional system. Sure, this is a physiology-heavy episode, but it comes with my brand of weird references and analogies that (hopefully) help make it not-such-a-snoozefest. This episode is broken down into three main sections:

The peripheral autonomic nervous system
The mid-brain structures involved in our limbic system
The higher cortical areas in our limbic system

Visual Resources:

Autonomic nervous system
- Vagus nerve visual
Mid-brain structures:
Higher cortical structures:
- Anterior cingulate cortex
- Insula

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

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Trauma-informed care: What is it? What's the big deal?

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Wed, 07 Sep 2022 17:34:00 +0000

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Episode Summary

In this informational episode, Kim takes us through three key topics to start our trauma-informed journey:

The working definition of trauma (per behavioral science/psychological research).
What trauma-informed care is per the TIP 57 definition of it (see reference below).
The process of becoming trauma-informed and the common steps along the way.

About The Trauma-Informed SLP:

This is a professional podcast discussing the journey of how to become trauma-informed and how to apply trauma-informed care in the field of speech-language pathology (SLP).

Links Mentioned:

Follow Us:

Include links to where listeners can find you online:

References:

Logan, R. (2022). Certified Trauma Support Specialist: Module 3 - Pathogenics and Salutogenics [Online Professional Training Course]. The Arizona Trauma Institute. Retrieved from: https://aztrauma.teachable.com

Missouri Department of Mental Health. (revised 2019). The Missouri Model: A Developmental Framework for Trauma-Informed Approaches. dmh.mo.gov. Retrieved from: https://dmh.mo.gov/media/pdf/missouri-model-developmental-framework-trauma-informed-approaches

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2014). Trauma-Informed care in behavioral health services. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK207201/

Why this podcast?

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 22 Aug 2022 22:31:00 +0000

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Trauma. Super fun topic. Amirite? However, Trauma-informed Care is a framework, a paradigm, of how to build resiliency and self-empowerment our clients, colleagues, friends, family—and even ourselves. It actually includes A LOT things that are being actively discussed all the time: The neurodivergency movement; presuming competence; cultural competency; toxic work environments; professional burnout; etc… So, this is super important stuff! And I think having a “big-picture” paradigm helps with understanding and navigating all these areas. So, I think every SLP needs to know about TIC and implement it in their practice—regardless of what specialty area they are in. And because it is such a large framework that encompasses so many areas of our pratice, I decided a podcast would be a great way to keep the discussion going.

This is a professional podcast discussing the journey of how to become trauma-informed and how to apply trauma-informed care in the field of speech-language pathology (SLP).

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our socials:

Find the Arizona Trauma Institute here

Trailer

Kim Neely, CCC-SLP — Mon, 22 Aug 2022 14:00:00 +0000

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A professional podcast discussing the journey of how to become trauma-informed and how to apply trauma-informed care in the field of speech-language pathology (SLP).

About Us:

The Trauma-Informed SLP website

Our email

Our socials: